Trans-national issues Foreign relations of China

1 trans-national issues

1.1 countries have no diplomatic relations prc
1.2 international territorial disputes
1.3 refugee asylum
1.4 human trafficking
1.5 illicit drugs

trans-national issues

china has 14 neighbouring nations land, , 7 neighbours sea (8 if counting taiwan). russia has many neighbouring nations (14 land, 12 sea). many disputes have arisen , resolved , many yet undetermined. these issues have been politicized united states part of china containment policy , east asian foreign policy of barack obama administration.

countries have no diplomatic relations prc

china recognizes 193 un member states, holy see , palestine sovereign states. however, not have diplomatic relations 19 un member states, nor holy see. these sovereign entities recognize republic of china sole legitimate chinese state, while bhutan has diplomatic relations neither prc nor roc.

on 13 june 2017, president of panama declared diplomatic relations between republic of panama , people s republic of china had been established.[1]

following countries not recognize people s republic of china china. instead, these countries recognize republic of china china.

international territorial disputes

territorial disputes other countries include:

the republic of china on taiwan officially claims legitimate government of china , de jure administration of whole mainland china, including areas claims not control, mongolia. meanwhile, prc claims de jure administration of taiwan province, mainland-nearby islands of kinmen , matsu islands, controlled roc.
10 features in yalu (korean: amnok) river in dispute north korea.
border dispute india; india claims control of aksai chin, china seized during sino-indian war of 1962, while china claims of indian state of arunachal pradesh (called south tibet china).
portions of boundary bhutan
china claims administration of senkaku islands (diaoyutai), held japan.
paracel islands administered , occupied people s republic, claimed vietnam.
involved in dispute philippines on scarborough shoal.
involved in complex dispute on spratly islands malaysia, philippines, vietnam, , possibly brunei.
exclusive economic zone disputes north korea in yellow sea; south korea in yellow , east china seas; japan in east china sea (ja:東シナ海ガス田問題, zh:东海油气田问题); vietnam, philippines, malaysia, brunei , indonesia in south china sea.

territorial disputes listed above between prc , roc ( taiwan ) stems question of government legitimate government of china. republic of china views successor state of qing dynasty did not renounce territory fell under de facto control of other states (i.e. mongolia), has largely been non-participant in enforcing these claims. people s republic of china inherited claims has settled number of such disputes mongolia , russia via bilateral treaties, not recognized republic of china. in respect, territorial disputes between prc , neighboring countries may considered subset of between roc , said countries.

bloomberg news reports these disputes undermining china s attempts charm neighbors away american influence. china has come rely more on military power resolve these disputes. china has made double digit percentage increases in military budget many years, though percentage of fast growing gdp falling 1.4% in 2006 1.3% in 2011. may lead china causing own encirclement nations ever more firmly aligned against increasingly armed , dominant china. of 2013 has caused philippines invite onto soil not americans, japanese.

in may 2015, u.s. secretary of defense ashton carter warned china halt rapid island-building in south china sea.

refugee asylum

refugees country of origin are: 300,897 (from vietnam), estimated 30,000-50,000 (from north korea).

human trafficking

findings of legislative framework in place in different countries prevent/reduce human trafficking. findings 2011 united states department of state trafficking in persons report

china source, transit, , destination country human trafficking. women, men, , children trafficked purposes of sexual slavery , forced labor; majority of trafficking in china internal, there international trafficking of chinese citizens; women lured through false promises of legitimate employment commercial sexual exploitation in taiwan, thailand, malaysia, , japan; chinese men , women smuggled countries throughout world @ enormous personal expense , forced commercial sexual exploitation or exploitative labor repay debts traffickers; women , children trafficked china mongolia, myanmar, north korea, russia, , vietnam forced labor, marriage, , sexual slavery; north koreans enter northeastern china voluntarily, others reportedly trafficked china north korea; domestic trafficking remains significant problem in china, estimated minimum of 10,000–20,000 victims trafficked each year; actual number of victims greater; experts believe serious , prolonged imbalance in male-female birth ratio may contributing chinese , foreign girls , women being trafficked potential brides.

united states department of state tier rating: tier 2 watch list - china failed show evidence of increasing efforts address transnational trafficking; while government provides reasonable protection internal victims of trafficking, protection chinese , foreign victims of transnational trafficking remain inadequate.

illicit drugs

chinese drug laws harsh, , death sentence traffickers not unusual. many foreigners have been sentenced death in china drug trafficking.

china major transshipment point heroin produced in golden triangle region of southeast asia. there growing domestic drug abuse problem , source country chemical precursors, despite new regulations on large chemical industry.