Specific examples Bacterial adhesin

1 specific examples

1.1 dr family
1.2 n. gonorroheae
1.3 e. coli

specific examples
dr family

the dr family of adhesins bind dr blood group antigen component of decay-accelerating factor (daf). these proteins contain both fimbriated , afimbriated adherence structures , mediate adherence of uropathogenic escherichia coli urinary tract. inducing development of long cellular extensions wrap around bacteria. confer mannose-resistant hemaglutination phenotype, can inhibited chloramphenicol. n-terminal portion of mature protein thought responsible chloramphenicol sensitivity. also, induce activation of several signal transduction cascades, including activation of pi-3 kinase.

the dr family of adhesins particularly associated cystitis , pregnancy-associated pyelonephritis.

multivalent adhesion molecules

multivalent adhesion molecules (mams) widespread family of adhesins found in gram negative bacteria, including e. coli, vibrio, yersinia, , pseudomonas aeruginosa. mams contain tandem repeats of mammalian cell entry (mce) domains bind extracellular matrix proteins , anionic lipids on host tissues. since abundant in many pathogens of clinical importance, multivalent adhesion molecules potential target prophylactic or therapeutic anti-infectives. use of mam targeting adhesion inhibitor shown decrease colonization of burn wounds multidrug resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa in rats.

n. gonorroheae

n. gonorrhoeae host restricted entirely humans. extensive studies have established type 4 fimbrial adhesins of n. gonorrhoeae virulence factors. these studies have shown strains capable of expressing fimbriae pathogenic. high survival of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (pmns) characterizes neisseria gonorrhoeae infections. additionally, recent studies out of stockholm have shown neisseria can hitchhike on pmns using adhesin pili hiding them neutrophil phagocytic activity. action facilitates spread of pathogen throughout epithelial cell layer.

e. coli

escherichia coli strains known causing diarrhea can found in intestinal tissue of pigs , humans express k88 , cfa1. attach intestinal lining. additionally, upec causes 90% of urinary tract infections. of e. coli cause utis, 95% express type 1 fimbriae. fimh in e. coli overcomes antibody based immune response natural conversion high low affinity state. through conversion, fimh adhesion may shed antibodies bound it. escherichia coli fimh provides example of conformation specific immune response enhances impact on protein. studying particular adhesion, researchers hope develop adhesion-specific vaccines may serve model antibody-mediation of pathogen adhesion.