History Polná

1 history

1.1 middle ages
1.2 19th century
1.3 20th century
1.4 nowadays

history
middle ages

polná became center of polná (later polná-přibyslav) domain. during existence, polná was, of time, part of significant aristocrat families’ property. after lords of polná, lords of lipá owned town, half of 14th century polná owned lords of pirkenštejn. during hussite wars, hynek ptáček of pirkenštejn, hussite nobleman, ruled on polná , bought nearby town of přibyslav. viktorin of kunštát, son of czech king george of poděbrady bestowed polná significant town rights , coat of arms, got polná marriage Žofie ptáčková (sofia ptáček, daughter of hynek ptáček).

in 15th century, trčeks of lípa owned town followed wallensteins, lords of hradec , Žejdlices of Šenfeld. in 1623 rudolf Žejdlic’s property confiscated because of revolt against emperor. domain bought cardinal františek of ditrichštejn changed town’s privileges , coat of arms. polná belonged ditrichštejns’ property 300 years.

in 17th century jewish community settled in polná.

in 1794 castle (rebuilt chateau) burned down , never restored again.

19th century

in 19th century polná center of czech culture large locality , formed counterbalance german-speaking city of jihlava. in half of 19th century 6,500 people lived in polná, made third biggest town in vysočina region (after jihlava , třebíč).

from 1840 1842, božena němcová, significant czech female writer, stayed in polná. august 1863 tragic polná. giant fire destroyed 189 houses , 456 families lost homes. many baroque , renaissance houses ruined. many people moved city.

the fact northwest railroad built 6 kilometers far polná caused economical decline of town. railroad dobronín-polná built in 1903 since 1982 passenger traffic not carry on.

the significant incident of 19th century murder of 19-year-old anežka hrůzová in březina forest. polná jew, leopold hilsner, wrongfully accused of crime. tomáš garrigue masaryk, later first president of czechoslovakia engaged himself in affair. (see hilsner affair)

20th century

in 1906, telephone network installed in polná. power plant built in 1911. during second world war of jewish community died in concentration camps. 3 polná jews survived war. in 1949 polná became part of havlíčkův brod okres. in 1960, after territorial reorganization became part of jihlava okres.

nowadays

polná smaller town many medium-sized industries. important types of industries wood-working industry , food industry (especially dairy products). textile industry present in town. every second weekend in september, so-called carrot fun fair or carrot-bun fun fair (mrkvancová pouť in czech) organized in polná.